In the post, List of Generic font families first we discuss what is a font? A font provides a resource containing the visual representation of characters. At the simplest level, it contains information that maps character codes to shapes (called glyphs) that represent these characters.
There are two types of font family names:
<family-name>
The name of a font family of choice.
<generic-family>
The following generic family keywords are defined: ‘serif’, ‘sans-serif’, ‘cursive’, ‘fantasy’, and ‘monospace’. These keywords can be used as a general fallback mechanism when an author’s desired font choices are not available. As keywords, they must not be quoted. Authors are encouraged to append a generic font family as a last alternative for improved robustness.
All five generic font families are defined to exist in all CSS implementations (they need not necessarily map to five distinct actual fonts). User agents should provide reasonable default choices for the generic font families, which express the characteristics of each family as well as possible within the limits allowed by the underlying technology. User agents are encouraged to allow users to select alternative choices for the generic fonts.
For example,
body {
font-family: Helvetica, Verdana, sans-serif;
}
If Helvetica is available it will be used when rendering. If neither Helvetica nor Verdana is present, then the user-agent-defined sans serif font will be used.
1. serif
Serif fonts represent the formal text style for a script. This often means but is not limited to glyphs that have finishing strokes, flared or tapering ends, or have actual serifed endings (including slab serifs). Serif fonts are typically proportionately-spaced. They often display a greater variation between thick and thin strokes than fonts from the ‘sans-serif’ generic font family. CSS uses the term ‘serif’ to apply to a font for any script, although other names may be more familiar for particular scripts, such as Mincho (Japanese), Sung, Song or Kai (Chinese), Batang (Korean). For Arabic, the Naskh style would correspond to ‘serif’ more due to its typographic role rather than its actual design style. Any font that is so described may be used to represent the generic ‘serif’ family.
2. sans-serif
Glyphs in sans-serif fonts, as the term is used in CSS, are generally low contrast (vertical and horizontal stems have the close to the same thickness) and have stroke endings that are plain — without any flaring, cross stroke, or other ornamentation. Sans-serif fonts are typically proportionately-spaced. They often have little variation between thick and thin strokes, compared to fonts from the ‘serif’ family. CSS uses the term ‘sans-serif’ to apply to a font for any script, although other names may be more familiar for particular scripts, such as Gothic (Japanese), Hei (Chinese), or Gulim (Korean). Any font that is so described may be used to represent the generic ‘sans-serif’ family.
3. cursive
Glyphs in cursive fonts generally use a more informal script style, and the result looks more like handwritten pen or brush writing than printed letter work. CSS uses the term ‘cursive’ to apply to a font for any script, although other names such as Chancery, Brush, Swing, and Script are also used in font names.
4. fantasy
Fantasy fonts are primarily decorative or expressive fonts that contain decorative or expressive representations of characters. These do not include Pi or Picture fonts which do not represent actual characters.
5. monospace
The sole criterion of a monospace font is that all glyphs have the same fixed width. This is often used to render samples of computer code.
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